BORODITSKY: Well, you would be at sea at first. Hidden Brain on Apple Podcasts You would never know, for example, that - give you an example I've actually been thinking about. You can find the transcript for most episodes of Hidden Brain on our website. Copyright Hidden Brain Media | Privacy Policy, Freely Determined: What the New Psychology of the Self Teaches Us About How to Live, Going the Distance on the Pacific Crest Trail: The Vital Role of Identified Motivation, Athletic Scholarships are Negatively Associated with Intrinsic Motivation for Sports, Even Decades Later: Evidence for Long-Term Undermining, Rightly Crossing the Rubicon: Evaluating Goal Self-Concordance Prior to Selection Helps People Choose More Intrinsic Goals, What Makes Lawyers Happy? JENNIFER GEACONE-CRUZ: My name is Jennifer Geacone-Cruz. VEDANTAM: If you're bilingual or you're learning a new language, you get what Jennifer experienced - the joy of discovering a phrase that helps you perfectly encapsulate a feeling or an experience. I'm Shankar Vedantam. So that, again, is a huge difference. And, I mean, just in terms of even sounds changing and the way that you put words together changing bit by bit, and there's never been a language that didn't do that. The fact is that language change can always go in one of many directions, there's a chance element to it. Does Legal Education Have Undermining Effects on Law Students? And I did that. VEDANTAM: Still don't have a clear picture? But she told me a story about a conversation she had with a native speaker of Indonesian. Perceived Responses to Capitalization Attempts are Influenced by Self-Esteem and Relationship Threat, by Shannon M. Smith & Harry Reis, Personal Relationships, 2012. So it's mendokusai. Time now for "My Unsung Hero," our series from the team at Hidden Brain telling the stories of . . UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #2: (Speaking foreign language). al (Eds. All sponsorship opportunities on Hidden Brain are managed by SXM Media. So I just think that it's something we need to check ourselves for. Hidden Brain - Transcripts We love the idea of Hidden Brain helping to spark discussions in your community. Imagine this. ), The Sourcebook of Listening Research: Methodology and Measures, 2018. Refusing to Apologize can have Psychological Benefits, by Tyler Okimoto, Michael Wenzel and Kyli Hedrick, European Journal of Social Psychology, 2013. Hidden Brain. VEDANTAM: If you're bilingual or you're learning a new language, you get what Jennifer, experienced - the joy of discovering a phrase that helps you perfectly encapsulate a. feeling or an experience. It's natural to want to run away from difficult emotions such as grief, anger and fear. BORODITSKY: So quite literally, to get past hello, you have to know which way you're heading. Because were a small team, we dont have a publicly-available list of every piece of music that we use. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy thats all around us. And if it was feminine, then you're likely to paint death as a woman. But, in fact, they were reflecting this little quirk of grammar, this little quirk of their language and in some cases, you know, carving those quirks of grammar into stone because when you look at statues that we have around - of liberty and justice and things like this - they have gender. The dictionary says both uses are correct. Because it was. Newsletter: Go behind the scenes, see what Shankar is reading and find more useful resources and links. I just don't want to do it. And if you teach them that forks go with women, they start to think that forks are more feminine. Hidden Brain Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. Hidden Brain on RadioPublic She once visited an aboriginal community in northern Australia and found the language they spoke forced her mind to work in new ways. So for example, grammatical gender - because grammatical gender applies to all nouns in your language, that means that language is shaping the way you think about everything that can be named by a noun. So it's easy to think, oh, I could imagine someone without thinking explicitly about what they're wearing. People do need to be taught what the socially acceptable forms are. That's because change is hard. If you're just joining us, I'm talking to John McWhorter. VEDANTAM: It took just one week of living in Japan for Jennifer to pick up an important new term. This week, in the final installment of our Happiness 2.0 series, psychologist Dacher Keltner describes what happens when we stop to sav, Sometimes, life can feel like being stuck on a treadmill. We also look at how. So to give you a very quick wrap-up is that some effects are big, but even when effects aren't big, they can be interesting or important for other reasons - either because they are very broad or because they apply to things that we think are really important in our culture. And so, for example, can I get a hamburger? Personal Strivings: An Approach to Personality and Subjective Well-being, by Robert A. Emmons, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1986. You 2.0: How to Open Your Mind | Hidden Brain Media Many of us rush through our days, weeks, and lives, chasing goals, and just trying to get everything done. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy thats all around us. Only a couple hundred languages - or if you want to be conservative about it, a hundred languages - are written in any real way and then there are 6,800 others. But actually, that's exactly how people in those communities come to stay oriented - is that they learn it, (laughter) right? podcast pages. So these speakers have internalized this idea from their language, and they believe that it's right. Whereas speakers of a language like Spanish might not be quite as good at remembering who did it when it's an accident, but they're better at remembering that it was an accident. You can run experiments in a lab or survey people on the street. It seems kind of elliptical, like, would it be possible that I obtained? And I kind of sheepishly confessed this to someone there. This week, in the final . Hidden Brain (podcast) - Hidden Brain, Shankar Vedantam - Listen Notes I'm shankar Vedantam in the 2002 rom com. HIDDEN BRAIN < Lost in Translation: January 29, 20189:00 PM ET VEDANTAM: Well, that's kind of you, Lera. Stay with us. 585: In Defense of Ignorance - This American Life He didn't like that people were shortening the words. Purpose can also boost our health and longevity. So for example, for English speakers - people who read from left to right - time tends to flow from left to right. Subscribe to the Hidden Brain Podcast on your favorite podcast player so you never miss an episode. In this favorite episode from 2021, Cornell University psychologist Anthony Burrow explains why purpose isnt something to be found its somethi, It's natural to want to run away from difficult emotions such as grief, anger and fear. Purpose can also boost our health and longevity. They believe that their language reflects the true structure of the world. Newsletter: I had this cool experience when I was there. If you can speak more than one language, does this mean that you're also simultaneously and constantly shifting in your mind between different worldviews? We post open positions (including internships) on our jobs page. There's a lowlier part of our nature that grammar allows us to vent in the absence of other ways to do it that have not been available for some decades for a lot of us. I'm Shankar Vedantam. VEDANTAM: Languages seem to have different ways of communicating agency. BORODITSKY: Yeah. The transcript below may be for an earlier version of this episode. And to arrive in a new place where you can't tell a joke and can't express an idea - oh, it's just really painful because you feel like your whole self is hiding inside and no one can see it. The fun example I give my students is imagine playing the hokey pokey in a language like this. And we looked at every personification and allegory in Artstor and asked, does the language that you speak matter for how you paint death, depending on whether the word death is masculine or feminine in your language? This is HIDDEN BRAIN. NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by an NPR contractor. The authoritative record of NPRs programming is the audio record. If you're bilingual or multilingual, you may have noticed that different languages make you stretch in different ways. We lobby a neighbor to vote for our favored political candidate. BORODITSKY: I had this wonderful opportunity to work with my colleague Alice Gaby in this community called Pormpuraaw in - on Cape York. If a transcript is available, you'll see a Transcript button which expands to reveal the full transcript. podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5zaW1wbGVjYXN0LmNvbS9rd1djMGxoZg==, open.spotify.com/show/20Gf4IAauFrfj7RBkjcWxh. Later things are on the right. And there are consequences for how people think about events, what they notice when they see accidents. Elon Musk's brain chips, starvation in Somalia and Greek anguish If you are able, we strongly encourage you to listen to the audio, which includes emotion and emphasis that's not on the page. We'll begin with police shootings of unarmed Black men. Transcript Speaker 1 00:00:00 this is hidden brain. Well, if you have a word like that and if it's an intensifier of that kind, you can almost guess that literally is going to come to mean something more like just really. So if you took a bunch of those tendencies, you could make up, say, the English of 50 years from now, but some of the things would just be complete chance. The transcript below may be for an earlier version of this episode. In the final episode of our "Mind Reading 2.0" series, we bring back one of our favorite conversations, with linguist Deborah Tannen. It Takes Two: The Interpersonal Nature of Empathic Accuracy, by Jamil Zaki, Niall Bolger, Kevin Ochsner, Psychological Science, 2008. Laughter: The Best Medicine | Hidden Brain : NPR Today in our Happiness 2.0 series, we revisit a favorite episode from 2020. In The Air We Breathe . But what if it's not even about lust? Athletic Scholarships are Negatively Associated with Intrinsic Motivation for Sports, Even Decades Later: Evidence for Long-Term Undermining, by Kennon M. Sheldon and Arlen C. Moller, Motivation Science, 2020. Everyone wants to be loved and appreciated. Hidden Brain. Perceived Partner Responsiveness as an Organizing Construct in the Study of Intimacy and Closeness, by Harry T. Reis, et. GEACONE-CRUZ: And you're at home in your pajamas, all nice and cuddly and maybe watching Netflix or something. I think that it's better to think of language as a parade that either you're watching, or frankly, that you're in, especially because the people are never going to stand still. This week, we kick off a month-long series we're calling Happiness 2.0. And very competent adults of our culture can't do that. Hidden Brain | Hidden Brain Media You know, I was trying to stay oriented because people were treating me like I was pretty stupid for not being oriented, and that hurt. The transcript below may be for an earlier version of this episode. It has to do with the word momentarily. Are the spoken origins of language one reason that words so often seem to be on the move? You're not going to do trigonometry. The phrase brings an entire world with it - its context, its flavor, its culture. Marcus Butt/Getty Images/Ikon Images Hidden Brain Why Nobody Feels Rich by Shankar Vedantam , Parth Shah , Tara Boyle , Rhaina Cohen September 14, 2020 If you've ever flown in economy class. VEDANTAM: One of the ultimate messages I took from your work is that, you know, we can choose to have languages that are alive or languages that are dead. It's exactly how old English turned into modern English. No matter how hard you try to feel happier, you end up back where you started. And so I was trying to keep track of which way is which. But I think that we should learn not to listen to people using natural language as committing errors because there's no such thing as making a mistake in your language if a critical mass of other people speaking your language are doing the same thing. And what he found was kids who were learning Hebrew - this is a language that has a lot of gender loading in it - figured out whether they were a boy or a girl about a year sooner than kids learning Finnish, which doesn't have a lot of gender marking in the language. All of the likes and, like, literallies (ph) might sometimes grate on your nerves, but John McWhorter says the problem might be with you, not with the way other people speak. So for example, English speakers, because they're very likely to say, he did it or someone did it, they are very good at remembering who did it, even if it's an accident. Reframing Your Reality: Part 1 | Hidden Brain Media GEACONE-CRUZ: And you're at home in your pajamas, all nice and cuddly and maybe, watching Netflix or something. And it's not just about how we think about time. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #10: (Speaking Russian). This week, in the fourth and final installment of our Happiness 2.0 series, psychologist Dacher Having a sense of purpose can be a buffer against the challenges we all face at various stages of life. There's been a little bit of research from economists actually looking at this. If you are a podcaster, the best way to manage your podcasts on Listen Notes is by claiming your Listen Notes Researcher Elizabeth Dunn helps us map out the unexpected ways we can find joy and happiness in our everyday lives. We call this language Gumbuzi. I'm Shankar Vedantam. They shape our place in it. This week, in the second installment of our Happiness 2.0 series, psychologist Todd Kashdan looks at the relationship between distress and happiness, and how to keep difficult emotions from sabotaging our wellbeing. But I find that people now usually use the word to mean very soon, as in we're going to board the plane momentarily. Perspectives on the Situation by Harry T. Reis, and John G. Holmes, in The Oxford Handbook of Personality and Social Psychology, 2012. Toula and Ian's different backgrounds become apparent on one of their very first dates. The only question was in which way. VEDANTAM: I love this analogy you have in the book where you mention how, you know, thinking that a word has only one meaning is like looking at a snapshot taken at one point in a person's life and saying this photograph represents the entirety of what this person looks like. It goes in this pile. And so language changed just like the clouds in the sky. To request permission, please send an email to [emailprotected]. Social Functionalist Frameworks for Judgment and Choice: Intuitive Politicians, Theologians, and Prosecutors, by Philip Tetlock, Psychology Review, 2002. In this episode, we explore how long-term relationships have changed over time and whether we might be able to improve marriage by asking less of it. They often feel angry about it, and you think this anger is actually telling. But what most people mean is that there'll be slang, that there'll be new words for new things and that some of those words will probably come from other languages. But is that true when it comes to the pursuit of happiness? Of course, if you can't keep track of exactly seven, you can't count. They're more likely to see through this little game that language has played on them. Hidden Brain explores the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior and questions that lie at the heart of our complex and changing world. Watch Your Mouth | Hidden Brain : NPR So maybe they're saying bridges are beautiful and elegant, not because they're grammatically feminine in the language, but because the bridges they have are, in fact, more beautiful and elegant. You can search for the episode or browse all episodes on our Archive Page. What do you do for christmas with your family? Many of us believe that hard work and persistence are the key to achieving our goals. But is that true when it comes to the pursuit of happiness? But the reason that it seems so elusive is because we don't really think about the, quote, unquote, "meaning" of things like our conversation-easing laughter. Today's episode was the first in our You 2.0 series, which runs all this month. So it's, VEDANTAM: The moment she heard it, Jennifer realized mendokusai was incredibly. That's how much cultural heritage is lost. How does that sound now? Podcasters use the RadioPublic listener relationship platform to build lasting connections with fans. Of course, you also can't experience anything outside of time. VEDANTAM: Languages orient us to the world. Today, we explore the many facets of this idea. But somehow they've managed, not just by randomly bumping into each other. You know, endings are going to tend to drop off. This week on Hidden Brain, we revisit a favorite episode exploring what this culture means Jesse always wanted to fall in love. And nobody wishes that we hadn't developed our modern languages today from the ancient versions. How to Foster Perceived Partner Responsiveness: High-Quality LIstening is Key, Perceived Partner Responsiveness Scale (PPRS), Toward Understanding Understanding:The Importance of Feeling Understood in Relationships, Perceived Responses to Capitalization Attempts are Influenced by Self-Esteem and Relationship Threat, Perceived Partner Responsiveness Minimizes Defensive Reactions to Failure, Assessing the Seeds of Relationship Decay: Using Implicit Evaluations to Detect the Early Stages of Disillusionment. And that is an example of a simple feature of language - number words - acting as a transformative stepping stone to a whole domain of knowledge. in your textbooks but when you're hanging out with friends. So I think it's something that is quite easy for humans to learn if you just have a reason to want to do it. June 20, 2020 This week on Hidden Brain, research about prejudices so deeply buried, we often doubt their existence. Writing has come along relatively recently. How To Breathe Correctly For Optimal Health, Mood, Learning And then he would take a Polaroid of the kid and say, well, this is you. : A Data-Driven Prescription to Redefine Professional Success, Does Legal Education Have Undermining Effects on Law Students? Hidden Brain Host Explains Why We Lie to Ourselves Every Day Whats going on here? Researcher Elizabeth Dunn helps us map out the unexpected ways w, Having a sense of purpose can be a buffer against the challenges we all face at various stages of life. I saw this bird's-eye view, and I was this little red dot. BORODITSKY: Yeah. And we're all going to have feelings like that. He's also the author of the book, "Words On The Move: Why English Won't - And Can't - Sit Still (Like, Literally).". For example, he might take a bunch of pictures of boys and girls and sort them and say, OK, this is a boy. Think back to the last time someone convinced you to do something you didn't want to do, or to spend money you didn't want to spend. Today in our Happiness 2.0 series, we revisit a favorite episode from 2020. VEDANTAM: Still don't have a clear picture? When we come back, we dig further into the way that gender works in different languages and the pervasive effects that words can play in our lives. And so he suggested it might be the case that the arbitrarily assigned grammatical genders are actually changing the way people think about these days of the week and maybe all kinds of other things that are named by nouns. JENNIFER GEACONE-CRUZ: My name is Jennifer Geacone-Cruz. Does a speaker of a language, like Spanish, who has to assign gender to so many things, end up seeing the world as more gendered? It's natural to want to run away from difficult emotions such as grief, anger and fear. And if people heard the sounds a little differently and produced them a little differently, if there were new meanings of words - very quickly whatever the original meaning was wouldn't be remembered. Today, we explore the many facets of this idea. BORODITSKY: Actually, one of the first people to notice or suggest that this might be the case was a Russian linguist, Roman Jakobson. The Effects of Conflict Types, Dimensions, and Emergent States on Group Outcomes, by Karen Jehn et. In this favorite 2021 episode, psychologist Adam Grant pushes back against the benefits of certainty, and describes the magic that unfolds when we challenge our own deeply-held beliefs. This is Hidden Brain. ROB LOWE: (As Chris Traeger) Dr. Harris, you are literally the meanest person I have ever met. Sociologist Lisa Wade believes the pervasive hookup culture on campuses today is different from that faced by previous generations. BORODITSKY: It's certainly possible. Could this affect the way, you know, sexism, conscious or unconscious, operates in our world? Many of us rush through our lives, chasing goals and just trying to get everything done. Hidden Brain: You, But Better on Apple Podcasts Let's start with the word literally. So you can't know how the words are going to come out, but you can take good guesses. Copyright 2018 NPR. We couldnt survive without the many public radio stations that support our show and they cant survive without you. The Effective Negotiator Part 1: The Behavior of Successful Negotiators and The Effective Negotiator Part 2: Planning for Negotiations, by Neil Rackham and John Carlisle, Journal of European Industrial Training, 1978. It's never happened. And maybe the convenience store or the shop is really not that far away. So to go back to the example we were just talking about - people who don't use words like left and right - when I gave those picture stories to Kuuk Thaayorre speakers, who use north, south, east and west, they organized the cards from east to west. (LAUGHTER) VEDANTAM: In the English-speaking world, she goes by Lera Boroditsky. So bilinguals are kind of this in-between case where they can't quite turn off their other languages, but they become more prominent, more salient when you are actually speaking the language or surrounded by the language. And as soon as I saw that happen, I thought, oh, this makes it so much easier. Hidden Brain: The Easiest Person to Fool on Apple Podcasts Purpose can also boost our health and longevity. Those are quirks of grammar literally in stone. L. Gable, et. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy thats all around us. Go behind the scenes, see what Shankar is reading and find more useful resources and links. And then if you are going to be that elliptical, why use the casual word get? You would give a different description to mark that it was not intentional. So the word for the is different for women than for men, and it's also different for forks versus spoons and things like that. We're speaking today with cognitive science professor Lera Boroditsky about language. Think Again: The Power of Knowing What You Dont Know, by Adam Grant, 2021. Many of us believe that hard work and persistence are the key to achieving our goals. There's not a bigger difference you could find than 100 percent of the measurement space. BORODITSKY: Well, I think it's a terrible tragedy. Lera is a cognitive science professor at the University of California, San Diego. Language was talk. BORODITSKY: Yeah, that's true. out. You may link to our content and copy and paste episode descriptions and Additional Resources into your invitations. Maybe they like the same kinds of food, or enjoy the same hobbies.
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