: Bob come in last night? Stop being such a drag. Bamba, Bamba. Was ist Origin. The crash, on February 3, claimed the lives of American rock and roll musicians Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens, and J. P. Richardson (known as 'The Big Bopper'). All of Ritchie Valens' songs were performed by Los Lobos, whom the Valenzuela family personally requested be involved in the film. I think you can safely say that Ritchie Valens did not die a virgin, says Mandheim, who spent 10 years researching his life for her book Ritchie Valens: The First Latino Rocker, to be released this month by Bilingual Press at Arizona State University. Keep up with her work and puro San Antonio happenings on Twitter, @MaddySkye. Ritchie Valens recorded the song "La Bamba" in 1958. He currently plays Gil Arroyo in the TV series Prodigal Son; he has been playing the character since 2019. But unfortunately, this is one realm in which identical treatment has disparate outcomes. : Elizabeth Pena played Rosie Morales in La Bamba, the love interest of Ritchies brother Bob Morales. He is a native Texan, life-long Astros fan and graduate of Angelo State University in San Angelo, Texas. From the Movie La Bamba is Rosie still married to Bob. W&P Porter bowl review: A container that makes office HOKA dropped a brand new version of their most popular shoe, Snag an Apple Watch charger at its lowest price in 30 day, This customizable 'Star Wars' lightsaber kit is 57% off on Amazon, You can pick up a jumbo salad spinner for $15 at Amazon right now. He spoke of his bouts with depression and substance abuse after his brother's 1959 death and admitted to abusing his girlfriend, Rosie, which is depicted in the movie. Ritchie Valens Day hit Pacoima Junior High School like a tropical wave, breaking into an explosion of warm and noisy energy, dissolving into an intricate lace of foam. The film stars Lou Diamond Phillips as Valens, Esai Morales, Rosanna DeSoto, Elizabeth Pea, Danielle von Zerneck, and Joe Pantoliano. Bob Morales was "reunited with his brother," the late "La Bamba" singer Ritchie Valens, his family says. Keane gives Richie his professional name of "Ritchie Valens", which Richie dislikes at first, but eventually accepts it. While performing in Clear Lake, Iowa, at the Surf Ballroom, the tour bus' heating system breaks down, so Holly charters an airplane to fly to their next stop in Moorhead, Minnesota. They're still close friends, she said. Look Rosie, you're not my wife, all right? And the film directed by Chicano theater legend Luis Valdez STILL stands up today. It's not my first. Math symbol that looks like an e . He wants a love slave, one that he can kick around. The film was considered groundbreaking at the time for featuring a largely latino cast, something rare for a major studio release even 30 years later. The film depicts the impact Valens' career had on the lives of his half-brother Bob Morales, his girlfriend Donna Ludwig and the rest of his family.In 2017, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\"Richard Steven Valenzuela is a normal teenage boy who becomes a rock 'n' roll superstar under the stage name Ritchie Valens. US residents can opt out of "sales" of personal data. Well aren't you gonna say anything? The part of singer Ritchie Valens became a breakout role for young Texas actor Lou Diamond Phillips, who would go on to star in a strong of hits throughout the late '80s and early '90s most notably, the "Young Guns" series. Tributes and proclamations droned on for about an hour over a makeshift public-address system. The film did not use the original songs sung by Ritchie Valens. | The film is titled after a Mexican folk song of the same name, which Valens transformed into a rock and roll rendition in 1958. Stop being such a drag. Quiet. The film opened in wide release in the United States on July 24, 1987. The best things in it are the most unexpected things: the portraits of everyday life, of a loving mother, of a brother who loves and resents him, of a kid growing up and tasting fame and leaving everyone standing around at his funeral shocked that his life ended just as it seemed to be beginning. [1][2][3] The film stars Lou Diamond Phillips as Valens, Esai Morales, Rosanna DeSoto, Elizabeth Pea, Danielle von Zerneck and Joe Pantoliano. La bamba is a 1987 american biographical film written and directed by luis valdez that follows the life and career of chicano rock 'n' roll star ritchie film stars lou diamond phillips as valens, esai morales, rosanna desoto, elizabeth pea, danielle von zerneck, and joe film also covers the effect that valens' career had on the lives of his half. I hope this will put a smile on his face. Dozens of people lingered, many telling each other how they were related to Valens. That is because women are more vulnerable. Ritchie's real-life mother, Concepcion Reyes, Lou Diamond Phillips was originally told that he would audition for a musical about the life of, In the original script, Ritchie's older brother Bob was the. Obsessed with travel? The mid-air plane collision at the beginning of the film occurred in real-life on January 31, 1957. When Bob pulls into the driveway with his two sisters, the shadows are totally gone. Lou Diamond Phillips wants to keep it real. One of them, interspersing Spanish words with English, told the others she had just remarried. Here, he and and wife Yvonne Boismier Phillips attend the 8th Annual AAFCA Awards at Taglyan Complex on February 8, 2017 in Los Angeles, California. Richie decides to host another party and becomes The Silhouettes new leader after they vote out their original leader. Who was the singer in the movie La Bamba? the real rosie from la bambahow long does it take to digest raw broccoli. [about Bob] Mathematical symbols use a roman serif font cos except when they are applied to calculations with units. The 57-year-old has long been drawn to playing true-life characters, whether its the doomed rock star Ritchie Valens of 1987s La Bamba or, in the case of his latest film, an abusive stepfather. Actor Lou Diamond Phillips continues to perform a variety of film and television roles, most notably costarring in the Netflix series "Longmore." 4 Is Lou Diamond Phillips a Native American? Speaking of La Bamba can anyone. Singer/guitarist Marshall Crenshaw continues to perform for live crowds. You were always 'second fiddle.' I don't know how much of the movie was true to life, but I hurt for you. But even though Hackford had been with the project since the beginning, he became too expensive to hire and stayed on as Executive Producer. Bob Morales is a character in the 1987 film La Bamba, portrayed by Esai Morales. Rosie Morales View of American rock and roll musician Buddy Holly's gravestone in Lubbock, Texas, 1975. Richardson and Ritchie Valens. Or my last. Actor Stephen Lee died in 2014 at the age of 58. Here, he performs during the CMA 2015 Country Christmas on November 7, 2015 in Nashville, Tennessee. Esai Morales, the actor who portrayed Bob Morales in the 1987 movie and now stars in "Ozark," asked the public for prayers on Thursday. La Bamba eventually grossed $52,678,820 in the United States in 12 weeks. View of American rock and roll musician Buddy Holly's gravestone in Lubbock, Texas, 1975. Marshall Crenshaw played the role of singer Buddy Holly. The film also covers the effect that Valens' career had on the lives of his half-brother Bob Morales, his girlfriend Donna Ludwig, and the rest of his family. Character actor Joe Pantoliano played the role of Bob Keane, the producer who worked with Ritchie Valens on his early music. 1 Did Lou Diamond Phillips do his own singing in the movie La Bamba? His life was never entirely perfect but he did manage to live the good life once he got famous. isn't an exhibition of plastic plants. "La Bamba" has been covered by many artists, including Los Lobos. The incident is commonly known as the Day the Music Died for its cultural impact upon the 1950s American music scene. Hes there, she said. Ritchie, Holly, and Bopper take off in an airplane during a snowstorm for their fateful flight on February 3, 1959. Single by Ritchie Valens. He then goes onstage to perform "La Bamba" to the crowd's adoration. They stared toward the nucleus of the crowd, imagining more than seeing. La Bamba's lasting musical impact has largely benefitted Los Lobos: In 2020, you're more likely to hear the East L.A. Chicano rockers' chart-topping version of the song than Valens' original. Yes she is still alive. Before the flight, Ritchie makes a call to his brother, wherein they resolve their differences. 2 years agoremindme 12 hours. He recorded numerous hits during his short career, most notably the 1958 hit La Bamba. Valens died at age 17 in a plane crash with fellow musicians Buddy Holly and J.P. The Big Bopper Richardson on February 3, 1959. 2688 sq. Connie, don't let the baby fall off the chair. During the Summer of 1957 in Northern California, Richard "Richie" Steven Valenzuela is a 16-year old Mexican-American boy who lives with his mother, Concepcion Connie Valenzuela and his younger brothers and sisters. My guitar, man! Dos estadounidenses dijeron ser ella. A sleeveless shirt, several tattoos, a squinty eye and a stone stud in one ear gave him the look of a mellowed street tough. Company Credits It was one of the first US hits to be sung entirely in Spanish, as well as one of the. He told Lowrider he. La Bamba is a 1987 American biographical film written and directed by Luis Valdez.The film follows the life and short-lived musical career of Mexican-American Chicano rock and roll star Ritchie Valens. Esai Morales co-starred as Bob Morales, half-brother to Ritchie Valens. Directed by 1 Writing credits 1 Cast 48 Produced by 4 Music by 2 Cinematography by 1 Film Editing by 2 Casting By 1 Production Design by 1 Set Decoration by 1 Costume Design by 2 Makeup Department 6 Production Management 1 Second Unit Director or Assistant Director 3 Art Department 20 Sound Department 13 Special Effects by 1. Shut your goddamn mouth! Look Rosie youre not my wife. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Adobes Symbol font. Actor Lou Diamond Phillips continues to perform a variety of film and television roles, most notably costarring in the Netflix series "Longmore." whats up yall this location here is the house that Ritchie Valens bought his mom with all the music moneythis is the Real house not the one from the movie bu. Ritchie's relationship with his mother Connie and half-brother Bob Morales, and the jealousy Bob feels toward Ritchie's success are also depicted.Bob wins an important art contest that helps promising cartoonists, only to throw away his prize because, in his mind, his mother does not care enough. Ritchie Valens, real name Richard Valenzuela, was a Mexican American rock 'n' roll snger during the 50s. Four persons, three identified as nationally famous rock and roll singers, died early today in a plane crash just five miles north of Clear Lake, Iowa. Ritchie Valens Brother And Rosie. Theyre still close friends, she said. If you were born on Thursday 20th October, 1966 then Spirit in the Sky by Doctor and the Medics was the #1 song in Canada on your 20th birthday.The song went to number one on October 18th 1986 and stayed at the top of the charts for 1 week. The Big Bopper (Jiles Perry Richardson, Jr.) poses for a photo after a concert in 1958 in Cleveland Ohio. One day, Richie's troubled older half-brother Bob Morales arrives after being released from jail, surprising him and his mother. Keane helps him by giving him a little vodka to calm his nerves during the flight. The majority of the music performed on the "La Bamba" soundtrack, including all Ritchie Valens tracks, were performed by the Los Angeles rock group Los Lobos. Danielle von Zerneck co-starred as Valens love interest and muse, Donna Ludwig. Bob Morales: Ritchie, you don't understand man. Yo no soy marinero. Character actor Joe Pantoliano played the role of Bob Keane, the producer who worked with Ritchie Valens on his early music. Her work in films included Nothing like the Holidays Batteries Not Included La Bamba Down and Out in Beverly Hills Jacobs Ladder Rush Hour The Incredibles and Lone Star for which she won the 1996 Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Female and a Bravo Award for Outstanding Actress in a Feature Film. : Later, Donna, in a turquoise, pleated outfit, reemerged and gave an interview to Entertainment Tonight. Get up to speed with our Essential California newsletter, sent six days a week. View of the wreckage of a Beechcraft Bonanza airplane in a snowy field outside of Clear Lake, Iowa, early February 1959. Ritchie Valens, 17 of Pacoima, California. benchmade adamas exclusive; disney plus march 2022 releases; the real rosie from la bamba . Hispanic actress Elizabeth Pena, whose lengthy resume includes the films Jacob's Ladder, Lone Star, and La Bamba died Tuesday in Los Angeles. Title La Bamba Year 1987 Director Luis Valdez Genre Drama, Music, Biography Interpreted by Joe Pantoliano Plot - Ricardo Valenzuela is a young Mexican farm hand in San Fernando Valley, California. Ritchie's record producer and manager, Bob Keane, helps him by giving him a little vodka to calm his nerves during the flight to Philadelphia.As Ritchie becomes more famous, his responsibilities change, and he eventually joins the ill-fated Winter Dance Party tour with Buddy Holly and \"The Big Bopper\" after \"La Bamba\" and \"Donna\" reach the top of the Billboard charts. He spoke politely and did not contest his treatment in the movie as a drunken and embittered motorcycle heavy. La Bamba opens with a sequence that at first seems like a memory. Danielle von Zerneck Donna Ludwig. While it's stated in the film that Steve, Ritchie's dad, drunk himself to death, the real Steve died from, Lou Diamond Phillips was a stage actor in Fort Worth, Texas when he first auditioned for the film in. Anonymousasked inEntertainment MusicCelebrities 1 decade ago. La Bamba, the 1987 biopic about rock and roll singer Ritchie Valens' life and career, featured the actor in the lead role and turned him into a star. He had asked her to come. Despite the mainstream, global appeal of the song "La Bamba," Los Lobos for a time, According to Lou Diamond Phillips, the family was, The "Northern California" fields that the Valenzuela family are working in at the beginning of the film are actually in. Is Lou Diamond Phillips a Native American? When I went back for testing, most of my cancer cells were gone.". I'm pregnant. : Back then, most of the attention fell upon the more illustrious Buddy Holly and J. P. (The Big Bopper) Richardson, who were killed in the same crash. La Bamba the movie about the life and tragic death of singer Richie Valens came out waaaaaay back in 1987. "La Bamba," the story of the meteoric rise and tragic death of pop idol Ritchie Valens, debuted 30 years ago this week. How To Flavor Plain Yogurt Make Your Yogurt Taste Better My Fermented Foods Plain Yogurt Recipes Fermented Foods Benefits Plain Yogurt A slice of apple pie is always up to the task of turning your frown upside down. Rosie Morales, former love of Bob Morales (Ritchie Valens Brother) shared how she remembers Ritchie Valens, when she first, met him, and when she saw him perform for the first time. Thats the smart way. The singer was best known for the rockabilly songs"Twenty Flight Rock,""Summertime Blues," "C'mon Everybody" and "Somethin' Else.". The role went to Felipe Cantu, a longtime member of Luis Valdez's El Teatro Campesino, in what would be his last role ever. Take 34 cup of soured milk or 34 milk and. "La Bamba," the story of the meteoric rise and tragic death of pop idol Ritchie Valens, debuted 30 years ago this week. 'La Bamba' singer's older brother Bob is reportedly hanging to life 'by a very thin thread', S.A. businesses are throwing a Women's Day celebration, A 'Wicked' season of Broadway shows is heading to San Antonio, Theo Wargo/Getty Images for Nantucket Film, Rex Rystedt/The LIFE Images Collection/Getty, Frazer Harrison/Getty Images for Stagecoach, Thomas D. McAvoy/The LIFE Picture Collection/Gett, South Texans want to know who's behind the 'Booty Patrol' truck, Texas mom accused of killing her children has history of violence, 'Naked and Afraid' lets San Antonio mom show off survival skills, Costco to open first $15M store in Central Texas this March, Former Boerne QB investigated for allegedly sharing XFL plays, PHOTOS: Massive alligator spooks locals along a South Texas road, Rooftop bar Cowboys and Cadillacs to grace downtown New Braunfels, Here's what you should know about Round1 in San Antonio, Selena's 'Como La Flor' lands on Rolling Stone's '50 Greatest' list, Tejano stars remember Grupo Mazz's Jimmy Gonzalez with moving tributes: 'One of the greats', Residents curious about 'U.S. It's been years that I've been translating this song. The Big Bopper (Jiles Perry Richardson, Jr.) poses for a photo after a concert in 1958 in Cleveland Ohio. Valens, a singer from Los Angeles who popularized the titular song "La Bamba" and had another major hit in "Donna," died Feb. 3, 1959 in a plane crash in Iowa along with Texas musicians Buddy Holly and the Big Bopper. Richardson died in the same plane crash that killed fellow musicians Buddy Holly and Ritchie Valens, and the pilot, Roger Peterson. : Singer Brian Setzer is one of the most well-respected guitarists and rockabilly performers in music. La Bamba (1987) - Elizabeth Pea as Rosie Morales - IMDb La Bamba (1987) Elizabeth Pea: Rosie Morales Showing all 9 items Jump to: Photos (4) Quotes (5) Photos Quotes Bob Morales : Look Rosie, you're not my wife, all right? Rosie Morales : I'm pregnant. I'm off to work. Rosie Morales: [about Bob] He doesn't want a wife. Ritchie Valens singles . He doesn't want a wife. The movie follows the life of Valens, from working on a farm to being one of the most popular rock 'n' roll musicians in the United States. La Bamba Blu-ray Release Date September 9, 2014 (Limited Edition to 3000 - SOLD OUT). Here, he "attends the "Going In Style" New York Premiere at SVA Theatre on March 30, 2017 in New York City. Symbol Symbol Name Meaning definition Example set. Far overhead, a light plane drones through the sky. The cast of 'La Bamba:' Then & Now, and their real-life inspiration. The following list of mathematical symbols by subject features a selection of the most common symbols used in modern mathematical notat. La Bamba Cast & Crew Cast Crew Lou Diamond Phillips Ritchie Valens Esai Morales Bob Morales Rosanna DeSoto Connie Valenzuela Elizabeth Pea Rosie Morales Danielle von Zerneck Donna Ludwig Joe Pantoliano Bob Keane Rick Dees Ted Quillin Marshall Crenshaw Buddy Holly Brian Setzer Eddie Cochran Howard Huntsberry Jackie Wilson Reporting on what you care about. Valens The gravestone reads 'In loving memory of our own Burrdy Holly, September 7, 1936 - February 3, 1959.'. On the set, Sobel said, Phillips sang and strummed to the prerecorded Los Lobos music, usually a verse at a time. It sold over one million copies and. 'Morning, Rosie. When the ceremony ended, the crowd instinctively drifted that way. I hurt so much for you. The equality symbol. Booty Patrol' truck spotted in South Texas, Police: North Texas mother arrested after stabbing her 5 children, killing 3, San Antonio woman shows strength of single moms on 'Naked and Afraid', Kyle to open first Costco Wholesale this March, Former Boerne quarterback allegedly gave plays to other XFL teams, Massive alligator shocks South Texas locals in Atascosa County, A one-of-a-kind Hill Country rooftop bar will be a cowboy's dream, 6 Cabo hotels for your spring break vacation. Set symbols of set theory and probability with name and definition. If you mean the actress playing her, Donna Douglas, she is still alive, at Donna is still alive! Bob; throughout the La Bamba movie; my focus was on you, more than on Ritchie. From the screen came Lou Diamond Phillips, who plays the rock singer. He even invites Bob to fly out to Chicago to join the tour for family support.The next day, while Bob is fixing his mother's car, he hears the news bulletin on the radio that his brother's plane crashed without any survivors. Singer/guitarist Marshall Crenshaw continues to perform for live crowds. However, when they get an opportunity, Ritchie and Bob sneak out for a good time. Most of the news interest in Columbia Pictures' current hit movie "La Bamba" has focused on the studio's successful penetration of the Latino film-going audience . Lou Diamond Phillips Ritchie Valens. : Geez your yogurt is not yummy at all. CHICAGO- Se imaginan a Esa Morales interpretando a Ritchie Valens en "La Bamba" y a Lou Diamond Phillips como su hermano Bob Morales? They all decide to leave the farm and move to a house in Southern California, along with Bob's girlfriend, Rosie. At first, Ritchie avoids flying to his concerts and appearances, but eventually conquers his fear when invited to perform his song "Donna" on American Bandstand in Philadelphia. Pressed and released within days of the recording session the record was a success. La bamba is a 1987 american biographical film written and directed by luis valdez that follows the life and career of chicano rock 'n' roll star ritchie film stars lou diamond phillips as valens, esai morales, rosanna desoto, elizabeth pea, danielle von zerneck, and joe film also covers the effect that valens' career had on the lives of his half. The basketball game continues. 8 Who is the voice of La Bamba lip synced? (Photo by Ryan Miller/Getty Images). : A few months passed by and I started to feel a lot better. They're still close friends, she said. Did Bob and Rosie stay . It's almost impossible to transcribe (thanks to Matt Schofield for trying), so what I've done is set out the original lyrics with annotations . You may occasionally receive promotional content from the Los Angeles Times. Bob Morales When Bob and Ritchie went to a bordello Ritchie may have done a LITTLE more than play the guitar. Mejor ." Occasionally, someone walked up and asked the third woman to sign an autograph. : The news of Ritchie's death hits the Valenzuela family, Bob, Rosie, and Donna very hard. It seemed you never got the appreciation or love that Ritchie got. Gosh I never knew they had a 20th anniversary for the Movie La Bamba Where did this take place. Stephen Lee, left, played the role of the Big Bopper (real name:Jiles Perry Richardson, Jr.) in "La Bamba.". In doing so, she chooses the bad boy over Lou Diamond. Ritchie Valens Mejor .. What's there to say? Quit being such a drag. Donna Ludwig now resides in sacrameto, ca and is still alive. Movie la bamba rosie married bob. Find 73 listings related to La Casa Mexican Grill in Chestnut on YP.com. Bob darts out of his driveway in an attempt to get to his mother before she hears the news, only to find her standing immobile. It's a real, live garden, growing peppers (all kinds), pineapples (though I'm not sure how historically accurate that is! Valenss next record a double A-side the final record to be released in his lifetime had the song Donna written about a real girlfriend Donna Ludwig coupled with La Bamba. Actor Esai Morales has played a variety of roles over his career, including a memorable turn on "NYPD Blue." He meets and falls in love with high school classmate Donna Ludwig, for whom he writes a song that becomes a number two hit, (\"Donna\"). Rosie Morales was born on December 19, 1931 and passed away on July 9, 2016 in Houston, TX and is under the care of. He invites Bob to fly out to Chicago to join the tour for family support, which Bob accepts. At a brothel, Ritchie sees a band performing the Mexican folk song "La Bamba". However, Donna's father has issues with his daughter dating a Mexican-American, which causes friction between Ritchie and Donna. Hey man, don't take it out on Rosie, okay. Valens, a singer from Los Angeles who popularized the titular song "La. Here, musician Cesar Rosas of Los Lobos performs on the Palomino Stage during day 3 of 2017 Stagecoach California's Country Music Festival at the Empire Polo Club on April 30, 2017 in Indio, California. Ritchie Valens: Hey man, don't take it out on Rosie, okay. Ritchie Valens (Richard Steven Valenzuela) poses for his famous album cover session in July 1958 in Los Angeles, California. Bob soon becomes jealous of Ritchie's success and drinks excessively while screaming and shouting at his family, wanting to see his daughter. La Bamba watch La Bamba online for free | Watch online movies through best free 1080p HD videos on desktop, laptop, notebook, tablet, iPhone, iPad, Mac Pro and more. In 2017, La Bamba was included in the annual selection of 25 motion pictures added to the National Film Registry of the US Library of Congress being deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" and recommended for preservation.[4][5]. Im Ritchies cousin, said 18-year-old Ernest Reyes. Use Next and Previous buttons to navigate, The cast of 'La Bamba:' Then & Now, and their real-life inspiration. Bob has family ties, through his granddaughter, with the band, Los Lonely Boys, and he attends many of their concerts. Even after the crowd finally dissipated, three women stood together, chatting lightly. The crash, on February 3, claimed the lives of American rock and roll musicians Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens, and J. P. Richardson (known as 'The Big Bopper'). See the photos above for pictures of the cast of "La Bamba" both then and now, as well as the real-life people and events that inspired the film John Boyd joined the Houston Chronicle in June 2013. Joe Pantoliano is one of the most recognizable actors in Hollywood, earning critical praise for roles in "The Matrix," "Memento" and "The Sopranos," among other roles. Theyre going to fly her in with a helicopter.. Elizabeth Pena played Rosie Morales in La Bamba the love interest of Ritchies brother Bob Morales. That teen-ager, Ritchie Valens, was made famous. The debris crashed into the schoolyard of Pacoima Junior High School, which ultimately killed 8 people, and injured 75 others. 1 talking about this. However, a drunken Bob crashes the party and starts a brawl among the attendees. ft. house located at 2600 Ashley St, Beaumont, TX 77702. - sfgate. Whos is still alive. The cast of La Bamba Then Now and their real-life inspiration. In the film, Bob is shown to be protective of his younger brother, and is hesitant to let him pursue a career in music. When Ritchie is showing his mother the new house, the shadows are halfway up the walls. Here, he performs with Los Straightjackets at City Winery on June 25, 2017 in New York City. A group of men view of the wreckage of a Beechcraft Bonanza airplane in a snowy field outside of Clear Lake, Iowa, early February 1959.
High Priestess Job Interview,
Homemade Laser Wheel Alignment Tool,
Is Qatar Capitalist Or Socialist,
Articles T