Adult shell about 4-5 mm high; umbilicus wide; columellar margin of the aperture concave in outline (Fig. Clench, W.J. Shell glossy. 109a, 109b). After the shells are thoroughly rinsed, they can be air-dried in cardboard trays. Lobe and flagellum with various patterns of dermal glands (Fig. Size small I I to medium, 8-12 mm in length. (Linnaeus, 1758). Aperture terminating below periphery of body whorl. Penis filament black. The primary differences between the two families are based on soft anatomy. Haitia cubensis Penis with invaginated cave-like pit within U-shaped superior tubercles. Shell unicolor brown, never mottled with reddish spots. Haitia bermudezi Central tooth of radula with basocones located on fore or lateral wing of tooth (Figs. The number of whorls persent on the shell can help you easily identify the snail species. It is most common in Southwest Florida, and northwest Florida. Operculum loosely coiled, with 3.75 large whorls, the outer one expanding more rapidly than the others (Figs. 170, 173). Length of shell 2.0-2.4 mm (Fig. Littoridinops monroensis Shell moderately large, 3.7-4.5 mm long; spire 1.00-1.35 times length of aperture; shell with 4.8-5.4 whorls. The rosy wolfsnail was introduced into Hawaii in 1955 as a biological control for the invasive . Pomacea paludosa (Sowerby, 1878). The basic shell morphology of the PLANORBIDAE is left-handed, or sinistral (FIGS. Aphaostracon rhadinus 90). Other families occur elsewhere in North America and in other continents. 117). Many North American snail species were described near the turn of the century by Walker (1918). 158). Last whorl flattened above. 208, 209), although radial striations may be present on other areas of shell. Floridobia helicogyra In others, some or all populations may be parthenogenetic, consisting only of females, or they may have a disproportionately small number of males. Apex in the posterior right third, domelike and evenly rounded. 164, 167). Color of fresh shell never milky white. Shell minute, 2.0-2.3 mm long; thin and transparent; spire 0.7-1.1 times length of aperture; flagellum lacking glandular crests. Whorls flat-sided with suture weakly impressed. (Gould, 1841). 72-74). Sides of spire slightly convex. 143). Fossaria is found throughout North America, and in northern Europe. Shell unicolor, with distinct vertical sculpture in addition to strong spiral sculpture. Average length about 5.5 mm (Figs. Identification KeysThese files are all keys for the identification of various kinds of organisms. Bantam Hydrobe (Jay, 1839). Suture simple, not crenulated. Applesnails are tropical to subtropical organisms and cannot survive below 50F in the winter (Florida DOACS, 2002). Eight species have been proposed. Shell coiled to the right, with the aperture on the right side (Figs. Adult shells about 40 70 mm high (Fig. The horntail snail belongs to the genus Macrochlamys (family Ariophantidae), which has over a hundred described species distributed from South to Southeast Asia and southern China (Pholyotha et al. Whorls of spire pointed and scalariform (steplike with nearly flat shoulders and deep sutures). Apex about 0.4-0.5 times length of shell. Shell light brown and frequently mottled with rust-colored spots that may form a spiral row below the suture. The reader will discover how very little we know about any genus occurring in Florida. Penis with two or more longitudinal crests within U-shaped superior tubercle (Fig. 49, 50). Adult shells small, less than 3 mm high; umbilicus closed by the reflected columellar lip; columellar margin of the aperture nearly straight, barely convex (Fig. Physid species have similar and superficially featureless, variable shells, and the shell is imprecise for identifying most genera and many species. 130). Penis without a conspicuously enlarged papilla near right base, although other papillae usually are present. Medium- to large-sized tropical freshwater snails. Apical whorls depressed; body whorl obtusely angular above and sharply carinated around funnel-shaped umbilicus. Thin and translucent or transparent. Now officially known as simply a Snail Kite, the subspecies from Florida and Cuba (Rostrhamus sociabilis plumbeus) formerly known as the Everglade Snail Kite was listed as endangered in 1967.The range of the Florida population of Snail Kites is restricted to watersheds in the central and . The most recent sighting of a giant African land snail took place in 2017, meaning the species can now be considered eradicated in the state of Florida. Length of shell up to 5 mm. Shell 2.8-3.7 mm long. Sculpture above periphery of whorls consisting of nodes arranged in vertical and spiral rows. shell with 3.9-4.2 whorls (Fig. Penis with one papilla on left margin (Fig. Amnicola is a widespread genus in temperate North America. Occasional Papers on Mollusks, 2: 261-87. Tadpole Physa Vernacular manes used in this manual are consistent with the standardized list of vernacular names for North American freshwater snails recently established by the American Fisheries Society (Turgeon, et al, 1998). The giant African land snail ( Lissachatina fulica (Bowditch)) (GALS) is one of the most invasive pests on the planet, causing agricultural and environmental damage wherever it is found. The following key is modified from Basch (1963). Size smaller than last species, seldom exceeding 10 mm in width (Figs.194-196). Florida Museum of Natural History (Fig. Operculum with about 6 slowly expanding whorls (Fig. Incremental striations uniformly weak. Outer lip partially flattened in adults. Whorls generally arched. 153). Dusky Ancylid Ph.D. thesis, University of Michigan, i-xii, 1-324. Whorls 3.0-4.0. 1956. 58). Aperture usually open; occasionally with a horizontal, shelf-like septum closing posterior part (Fig. Giant African Land Snail Identification Sheet - Florida Commissioner of . Whorls 4.6-5.3. (Pilsbry and Johnson, 1903). 1979a. Vas deferens the only duct present in penis (Fig. Knobby Elimia Spilochlamys gravis Shell variable in shape, elongate to globose; usually not more than 5 mm in length; apex of spire seldom eroded (except in Somatogyrus); 4-6 whorls; shell smooth (except in Pyrgophorus and Tryonia); central tooth of radula with basal cusps (Figs. Photo: University of Florida. The species are highly variable, and there is no consensus regarding the number of valid species. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences, 1: 97-239. The species was eradicated again in 2021 after being detected in 2011 in Miami-Dade County, according to FDACS. Dasyscia franzi Shape highly variable, usually disc-shaped but some specimens with flat-topped raised spire. 202, 208). 123). NotogiIlia wetherby Typically, land snails live on or near the ground, feed on decaying plant matter, and lay their eggs in the soil. Important diagnostic characteristics for subfamilies, genera, and species are found in the female reproductive system, the male reproductive organ (the penis), and modifications of the radular teeth. Vertical ribs smooth along the periphery, strongly developed (Fig. Opercula of minute snails can be studied most easily by removing them from the animal and viewing them with transmitted light. Jan. 28, 2020 . Penis with a large, blade-like flagellum with continuous heavy dermal glands along each side (Figs. Aperture large, oval, much more than half the length of shell. Fortunately in Florida, the species are relatively easy to distinguish. 199). The number of subfanilies recognized in the Hydrobiida is unsettled. Malacological Review, 24: 55-72. 68); lobe and flagellum with various patterns of dermal glands; central tooth of radula with basocones located on reflected margin of tooth (Fig. Shell cylindric-conical, solid opaque; 4.5-4.9 moderately rounded whorls. Small- or medium-sized snails need to be identified with the aid of a binocular dissecting microscope that is equipped with an ocular micrometer calibrated to 0.1 mm accuracy so that precise measurements can be made. (Thompson, 1968). Walkerana, 13: 1-108. Aphaostracon hypohyalina (Frauenfeld, 1863). JACKSONVILLE, Fla. - An invasive giant African snail that has already had to be eradicated twice in the last 50 years in Florida is back and one county is on high alert. Shell discoidal, grayish-white in color; transparent when fresh. Umbilicus of shell perforated or broadly open. Height of shell about 23-26 mm (Figs. Moderately large, thick-shelled operculate snails. Males with penis at anterior right corner of mantle cavity. Sculptured with fine incremental striations and a few fine spiral striations (difficult to distinguish except with transmitted light). Thompson, F. G. 1969. Shell usually opaque in adults, with a dark red callus inside the lip (Fig. Interior of aperture livid white. Shell generally elliptical in outline. Each snail has both female and male reproductive organs, so they can reproduce rapidly. 53). Is non-native to the area, in our case northwest Florida 92). These are white, which is the more prized color in. Armored Siltsnail 120). Axial striations distinct (Fig. Shell grayish-white. Adult size small, about 12-16 mm long (Fig. (Thompson, 1968). Nuclear whorl flattened, 0.41-0.48 mm in diameter transverse to initial suture. 5). (Pfeiffer, 1839). Shell elongate-conical; 10-40 mm long in adult specimens; apex of spire usually eroded; shell with 8-12 whorls although eroded specimens may have fewer; shell usually strongly sculptured with spiral and/or vertical ribs and threads (except in Elimia dickinsoni); central tooth of radula without basal or lateral cusps (Fig. The radula can be studied by dissecting out the buccal mass and macerating it in clorox or sodium hydroxide. Gulf Coast Pebblesnail) Somatogyrus walkerianus (Aldrich, 1905). 55). Lioplax pilsbryi pilsbryi Only three widely distributed species occur in Florida. They are brown in color and have a striped pattern. (Thompson, 1968). Prominent minor spiral sculpture along periphery. Pilsbry, H. A. Shell with 5.6-6.8 whorls; about 3.2-4.5 mm long (Fig. Various species of Cipangopaludina also have been introduced from the Orient into North America. Operculum calcareous with two pegs on inner surface (Figs. University of Florida scientists say the nightmarishly named "rat lungworm" has been found in multiple species of snails in the Miami area, including the invasive giant African snail. 1979b. Peristome narrow to broadly ovate. 148). Operculum paleomelanian, with a large sub-centrally located nucleus (Fig. EDRR Invasive Species. Another variety, with cream-colored flesh and mottled brown shells, was detected in 2022. Credit: Craig Pittman. Paper fig A Florida Gulf Coast specialty shell! Umbilicus widely perforate, accentuated by a strong circum-umbilical keel. Shell specimens should be cleaned and air-dried. Operculum nearly multispiral with four large, slowly expanding whorls (Fig. A catalogue of the Viviparidae of North America with notes on the distribution of Viviparus georgianus Lea. Adults with about 5 whorls, and 10-13 mm wide (Figs.177-179). Length of shell 2.2-2.6 mm (Fig. Planorbid snails are restricted to fresh water and occur worldwide, being found on all continental landmasses and many oceanic islands. Shell olive-green with vertical reddish flames and spots. 160, 163, 166). Color uniform olive-green, never banded (Fig. Pilsbry, H. A. 180-182). Shell depressed. Genera that serve as intermediate hosts for schistosomatid trematodes have been studied extensively. Embryonic shell with fine vertical ribs and a heavy spiral chord on periphery and two basal spiral chords (Fig. 76). Florida Shell Guide. Sides of spire straight in lateral profile. The snails can produce 1,200 eggs in a year and grow up to about the size of a human fist. Those available covered only part of the state or part of the fauna. 33); males without copulatory structures. Vail, V. A. 146). Adults with six teeth in aperture, two on the parietal wall and four on the palatal wall. Teardrop Snail Umbilicus broad, shallow (Fig. In others they are deposited in the water in gelatinous clusters. Shell translucent. Pilsbry, H. A. 118). Occasionally it may be necessary to turn to other information sources to determine identifications with a greater degree of certainty.. Apex of shell slightly convex in outline. Females with live embryos in brood pouch in mantle; males with right eye stalk modified as a penis. Accessory crest absent. 69, 70). Malacological Review, 12: 41-49. 134). 4, 5). Aperture elliptical and usually attached to preceding whorl; 4.1-4.5 whorls present. Penis with large a terminal lobe on the left side and a smaller appendix-like flagellum on the right side. Shell larger, 2.8-4.6 mm long; adults with 4.0-4.9 whorls; spire longer, 0.9-1.3 times height of aperture; superior tubercles not arranged in oblique longitudinal series. 15). Malacologia, 23: 81-82. Penis as illustrated (Fig. Fingers crossed, it'll stay that way. Littoridinops tenuipes Maiden Campeloma The following key includes all of the species that occur in Florida and some that occur in Alabama, Georgia, and South Carolina. Creek Siltsnail Apex fairly prominent as a rounded knob in the right posterior quadrant (Figs. 70, 71). In view of the inconsistency of these shell characters, these three forms may represent only a single species, Campeloma limum, which is widely distributed from the Escambia River system of Florida and Alabama east and north into North Carolina and Virginia. The fixative may damage the shell, but that is unimportant for anatomical purposes. Apex very short, only slightly raised above body whorl. Color often glossy reddish brown. Shell with darker colored spiral chords that may be smooth or wavy. Adequate preservation begins when the specimens are collected. Thompson, F.G. 1979. Apex of shell flat, though it may be raised above the periphery of the last whorl (Figs. TALLAHASSEE, Fla. (AP) Florida, a state that encourages people to kill non-native iguanas, pythons and lionfish, has a new invasive species to worry about: the horntail snail, which has never . Shell smaller, reaching a maximum diameter of 13 mm. Shell usually elevated, but variable. Published April 18, 2013 Operculum with concentric growth rings around nucleus (Figs. Shell shaggy with numerous spiral fimbriations that are broken into synchronized tufts. They are variable in their shell characteristics, and some samples may be difficult to identify. Choctawhatchee Pebblesnail) Somatogyrus sp. Wm. Length of shell about 2.2-2.8 mm long (Fig. Melanoides tuberculata (Muller) in Florida. Miscellaneous Publication of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 6: 1-213. Shell brightly banded and with large, wide and wavey vertical folds; robust, usually 21-25 mm long (Fig. 64). The snails are tan colored, high and conical, with mature snails about to 1-inch long. Medium to large freshwater snails found on all continents except South America. Body whorl inflated. Fighting a new infestation of an invasive, crop-damaging snail, Florida agriculture officials on Thursday said they have collected 1,000 of the creatures in just over a week in Pasco County, where they were recently discovered following two years in abeyance. Shell cap-shaped or limpet-like with a wide, open aperture forming base of shell (Figs. (Say, 1825). Only Elimia is found in Florida. (Lea, 1962). Aphaostracon monas 1982. dalli Goldenhorn Marisa 135). Sci. Shell conical, olivaceous in color. Fred G. Thompson (1934-2016) (Thompson, 1968). Thompson, F. G. 1997. There is no consensus in systematic biology about how to treat these forms. Base of shell usually without spiral band. Basch, P.F. The species of snail was present in Florida in the 1960s and 1970s before being eradicated in 1975, the FDACS said. Shell larger, reaching a maximum diameter of 18 mm. Freshwater mollusks of Alabama, Georgia and Florida from the Escambia to the Suwannee River. Thompson, F. G. 1983. They are commonly found on live aquatic plant stems, dead leaves and sticks, and on bottles and cans. Mantle diffusely pigmented or unpigmented. Length of shell 2.4-3.4 mm (Fig. Aperture loosely attached to or widely separated from preceding whorl. Embryonic shell with a strong peripheral spiral chord that continues onto following whorls (Fig. Outer lip continuously rounded (Figs. Types of Shells In Florida: Seashell Identification Guide It lurks nearly a foot beneath the dunes of Sanibel Island. 3:51. Operculum with about 3 whorls (Fig. Graphite Elimia Clench, W.J., & R. D. Turner. Nat. A preliminary revision of Florida Lioplax (Gastropoda: Viviparidae), with a description of Lioplax talquinensis n.sp. Shell medium-sized, 3.0-3.8 mm long; thinner, translucent or transparent in life; tear-shaped; spire raised and nearly straight-sided, pointed; body whorl less conspicuously enlarged, not descending to aperture along last half whorl. The first edition of The Freshwater Snails of Florida: a Manual for Identification was published in 1984. Click on the link in the row that best matches your snail. Choctawhatchee Elimia Aperture elliptical or trapezoidal in shape. Shell planispiral, adults large, 35-50 mm (Figs. Shell sculptured with vertical, weakly curved ribs and much finer spiral striations. Narrowly umbilicate. RELATED: Proof of megalodon extinction is in their teeth, scientists say. Elimia doolyensis Burch, J.B. 1989. The genus is difficult to diagnose by shell characters because the three species are very dissimilar. Apex distinctly convex in outline. 60). Body whorl uniformly rounded peripherally (Fig. Umbilicus wide (Fig. Define Invasive Species: must have ALL of the following -. Aperture widely separated from preceding whorl. Seminole Rams-horn Elimia floridensis Pseudotryonia brevissimus 97). Aperture relatively ample (Figs. (Say, 1829). Quarterly Journal of the Florida Acaemy of Sciences, 32: 241-65. It is believed the snail was introduced via the railway cars coming from Mexico. Shell conical, spire moderatly high. The first snail is Euglandina rosea, the "rosy wolf snail" it is carnivorous, and eats other snails.The second snail is Zachrysia provisoria, the "garden provisoria", which can be a pest as it enjoys fruits and vegetables.These snails are both native to Florida; neither species can survive in the wild in cold climates, but both species have been introduced to other . Work through the questions, each time choosing the characteristic that best matches your snail from the two choices. The genus Viviparus (Viviparidae) in North America. Outer lip less sinuous. Carib Physa 113). The family attains its greatest diversity in Southeast Asia. Penis with papillae along right margin (Figs. (Morelet, 1851). Pomatiopsis lapidaria Sides of spire straight-sided in outline. Florida announced on Wednesday it has eradicated the African giant land snail - an invasive species that can destroy homes and infect people with meningitis - for the second time. Newborn shells white. 107, 108). (Say, 1829). Attains a length of about 30-36 mm (Figs. Nuclear whorl slightly protruding, 0.29-0.41 mm in diameter transverse to initial suture. Micromenetus dilatatus avus (Pilsbry, 1905). Numerous species of exotic snails are serious pests of plants and threats to public health. The snails remain a threat in Hawaii and the Caribbean after their eradication in Florida in 2021. Elimia athearni Brown garden snail, Cornu aspersa (formerly Helix aspersa, Cantareus aspersus, and Cryptomphalus aspersus) is a member of the family Helicidae.This snail species originates from Britain, western Europe, and along borders of the Mediterranean and Black Seas. Shell generally thin but strong; whorls of spire strongly convex with deep suture (Figs. This will lead you to the final choice which identifies the snail. It is presented in the form of key supplements with illustrations and habitat information to facilitate identifications. Oftentimes you'll see trails of mucous around these damaged sites. Three other species occur farther north. Tryonia aequicostatus Three species in Florida were introduced from Southeast Asia. Widely umbilicate. (Lea, 1842). Euglandina rosea, the rosy wolfsnail or cannibal snail, is a species of medium-sized to large predatory air-breathing land snail, a carnivorous terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Spiraxidae.. Spire of adults with heavy vertical ribs; unicolor dark brown; usually less than 18 mm long (Figs. Penis filament white. 119). Shell with prominent ribs and spiral chords on all whorls. The island apple snail is the largest of the known species in Florida with shell sizes up to five inches in length.
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